ChainThink report: Research from the Cambridge Alternative Finance Centre indicates that a failure rate exceeding 10% of Bitcoin network nodes would require simultaneous outages of approximately 72% to 92% of transnational submarine fiber-optic cables; however, targeted attacks on critical cable bottlenecks could trigger node disconnection thresholds as low as 5% to 20%.

The study is based on P2P network data from 2014 to 2025 and 68 verified cable outage incidents.

The research also reveals that Tor enhances network resilience, with approximately 64% of Bitcoin nodes currently "invisible" on the public network; historical data shows that 87% of cable outage incidents affected fewer than 5% of nodes, with near-zero correlation to BTC price movements (correlation coefficient -0.02).